A bearded father holds his young toddler in his arms outdoors, both looking off to the side in dappled sunlight beneath tree branches.
Your child from 23–36 Months

Social and Emotional Development

How do children develop relationships and understand and express themselves?

How do children develop relationships and understand and express themselves?

  • Identifying feelings, needs, and interests
  • Noticing similarities with and differences between others
  • Trying out new abilities
  • Expressing preferences for play and interaction
  • Showing many self comforting behaviors and sometimes managing their own emotions and behaviors
  • Beginning to understand others' feelings and how to comfort them

Each child develops at their own pace and may show some skills earlier or later than others; the videos provide a few examples of how children may demonstrate these skills and concepts.

How do children strengthen their sense of identity and belonging?

Children strengthen their sense of identity and belonging by identifying and expressing their own interests and similarities with others.

How do the children communicate their individuality and also their similarities with others?

Additional Videos

Foundation 1.2: Recognition of Agency

23–36 Months

Foundation 1.3: Expression of Emotion

23–36 Months

Foundation 1.4: Regulating Emotions and Behaviors

23–36 Months

How do children build their social skills with caregivers and peers?

Children strengthen their social skills by communicating about their own needs, feelings, and interests, as well as those of other people. Children also engage with others in more extended interactions and common activities.

What activities are the children trying to carry out within the social interactions?

Additional Videos

Foundation 2.2: Empathy

23–36 Months

Foundation 2.3: Interactions With Caregivers and Other People

23–36 Months

Foundation 2.4: Interactions With Peers

23–36 Months

How do children develop relationships with peers?

Children prefer to interact with a small group of familiar children and begin to engage in more complex play with those children than with others.

What do you notice about who children play with and how children play together?

Additional Videos

Foundation 3.2: Relationships With Peers

23–36 Months