A toddler in a patterned sweatshirt concentrates on stacking colorful translucent blocks at a table, with his reflection visible in a mirror behind the blocks. Photos of children playing are displayed on the wall above.
Your child from 11–23 Months

Cognitive Development

How do children develop the ability to think and problem-solve?

How do children develop the ability to think and problem-solve?

  • Solving problems using simple steps to get what they want
  • Sorting or choosing things that look alike
  • Following one‑step directions and remembering short routines
  • Imitating more complex actions
  • Trying out different ways to reach a goal

Each child develops at their own pace and may show some skills earlier or later than others; the videos provide a few examples of how children may demonstrate these skills and concepts.

How do children learn to make things happen?

Children learn to make things happen through trial and error and by repeating simple actions. They learn how different objects fit together and move.

When do the children repeat an action, and when do they try a different action?

How do children sort and group information?

Children focus on similarities and differences to group and sort objects, and pay attention to and sometimes use language about mathematical ideas like “more” and “all.”

How is the children’s understanding of quantity connected to their everyday routines (for example, playing, cleaning up, and eating)?

Additional Videos

Foundation 2.2: Spatial Thinking

11–23 Months

Foundation 2.3: Classification

11–23 Months

How do children do early forms of pretend play?

Children learn to pretend as they use one object to represent another object. They also imitate actions, sounds, or gestures that they have observed others doing in the moment or at an earlier time.

When might you notice children imitating something, and when might you notice children pretending one thing is something else (for example, pretending a block is a telephone)?

Additional Videos

Foundation 3.2: Symbolic Thinking

11–23 Months

How do children's memories help them engage with others?

Children’s developing ability to remember information over longer and longer periods of time helps them know what to do as they interact with others and participate in routines.

How many steps in their routines did children remember before caregivers offered support?