Video Transcript
Narrator: In the Approaches to Learning domain, the strand Executive Functioning includes the foundation Working Memory. Children from 11 through 23 months keep information about people or objects in mind, even when they are out of sight. They also follow one-step directions with caregiver support.
Example 1
Text on screen: Keeps information about objects in mind, even when they are out of sight
On screen: 18-month-old Alice, her caregiver, and another child are exploring plants in the yard. They are gathered around a small shrub.
Caregiver 1: Maybe Alice knows where the lemon balm is.
On screen: Alice turns her head to look toward another part of the yard.
Alice: Um (inaudible).
Caregiver 1: Let’s go see down here. Maybe we can find some down below.
On screen: Alice takes her caregiver’s hand, and they all walk to the lower part of the yard. Alice points at the lemon balm plant and leads her caregiver over to it. They stop in front of the plant.
Alice: I wanna pick them.
Caregiver 1: Quinn, Alice’s— Alice says she wants to pick some.
On screen: Alice and the caregiver pick leaves from the plant and sniff them.
Caregiver 1: Oh, that smells like lemon balm. Quinn, did you pick any?
On screen: Alice bends down to pick another leaf and shows it to the other child.
Alice: Um, you can pick one here. Tiny at the ground.
Caregiver 1: Yeah, tiny little leaves.
Example 2
Text on screen: Keeps information about objects in mind and follows one-step directions, with caregiver support
On screen: 16-month-old Xavier sits in a carpeted box next to his caregiver. He’s holding an open ball with smaller foam balls inside it. He holds it toward his caregiver and watches as she shows him how to get a ball out.
Caregiver 2: Oh, there’s a ball inside the balls? I wonder how you can get it out. You reach your hand in.
On screen: Xavier reaches into the ball while the caregiver holds it.
Caregiver 2: You have to pull, pull.
On screen: Xavier pulls out a small ball and holds it in his hand.
Caregiver 2: (gasping) You got the ball out, Xavier.
On screen: Xavier drops the small ball onto the floor, and it rolls away. As Xavier begins to climb out of the box, his caregiver sets the open ball on the floor and goes to another part of the room. Xavier retrieves the small ball, walks over to the larger ball, and reaches in to try to pull out another ball.
Example 3
Text on screen: Keeps information about objects in mind and follows one-step directions, with caregiver support
On screen: 19-month-old Yuma, his caregiver, and another child are in a play area getting ready to go eat lunch. Yuma is carrying drumsticks.
Caregiver 3: Can we leave the sticks outside? Thank you, Yuma.
On screen: Yuma walks over to another part of the play area and places the drumsticks neatly on the floor.
Caregiver 3: All right. Let’s go wash our hands. Let’s go eat. Ready? Yup, good job. Let’s go find it. Where is it?
On screen: The caregiver opens the door to the classroom and the children go in.
Yuma: (vocalizing)
Caregiver 3: Yeah, let’s go!
On screen: Yuma points at the food set out on the tables and walks toward it.
Caregiver 3: To wash our hands first, please. Archie, can we go wash hands?
On screen: Yuma turns around and walks toward the sink. The caregiver moves some plastic storage tubs away from the sink.
Caregiver 3: Oh, put this right here. Let’s go up. Come on, Yuma, so we can go eat. This way.
On screen: The caregiver directs Yuma to the stairs and dispenses soap into her own hand.
Caregiver 3: Thank you. Let’s wash, wash, wash.
On screen: Yuma turns to walk up the stairs to the sink, and the caregiver holds out soap for him.
Caregiver 3: Good job. Can you get some soap? Oop!